On the Mutual Influence between Longitudinal and Circular Magnetizations in Iron and Nickel

The following is a summary of the results of experiments.RESULTS IN IRON.1) In constant longitudinal fields, the magnetization, so long as the field is weak, of iron wire or tube increases at first, till it reaches a maximum, and then decreases to a value less than the initial, by applying a gradually increasing transverse field. 2) In fields greater than 55 C.G.S. units, the magnetization in the longitudinal direction decreases from the outset. 3) The effect of longitudinal field on the intensity of transverse magnetization is exactly the same as the effect of transverse field on the intensity of longitudinal magnetization. 4) By first applying the magnetizing 6eld either in the direction of the tube or perpendicular to it, and then another perpendicular to it, the magnetization in the direction of the first application of the field is always greater than when the order of magnetizations is reversed. 5) The change of longitudinal or transverse magnetization by transverse or longitudinal field is independent of the direction of the field. 6) The hysteresis curve attending the cyclic change of the transverse field, while the longitudinal field is kept constant, is similar to that of torsion. The hysteresis by the cyclic change of the longitudinal field, while the transverse field is kept constant, is the same as the ordinary hysteresis, except that the area of the loop is considerably reduced.RESULTS IN NICKEL.7) With regard to the effect of tranverse field on longitudinal magnetization and that of longitudinal field on transverse magnetization, nickel behaves qualitatively like iron ; but the effect is generally small. The hysteresis curves have also similar forms as in the case of the former metal.In conclusion, I wish to express my thanks to Prof. H. Nagaoka, under whose direction this investigation was carried out, and also to Prof. A. Tanakadate for useful suggestions, and to Messrs. D. Sudo and S. Sano for kind advice and assistance in carrying out the present experiments