A unified polyphase representation of analysis and synthesis filter banks is introduced in this paper, and then the efficient implementation on digital signal processors (DSP) is investigated. Especially, the number of memory accesses, power consumption, processing accuracy and the required instruction cycles are discussed. Firstly, a unified representation is given, and then two types of procedures, SIMO system-based and MISO system-based procedures, are shown, where SIMO and MISO are abbreviations for single-input/multiple-output and multiple-input/single-output, respectively. These procedures are compared to each other. It is shown that the number of data load in SIMO system-based procedure is a half of that in MISO system-based procedur...