Abstract: In this article, my purpose is to frame and analyse two experiences of dismantling oppressive institutions to have a better understanding of the possible and effective prison abolitionism praxis. For that purpose, I will consider two specific historical episodes: the deinstitutionalization of mental hospital in Italy and the slavery abolition in US. Those will be constructed as both historical and political model to drivethrough the abolition of prison. In the article, I will discuss the tension between the end of an institution and its potential clawback, underlining the necessity of a positive plan to overcome unjust and oppressive institutions. In essence, abolitionism is read in this article as a broad critique to the society ...