Polymorphism of PXR gene associated with the increased risk of drug-induced liver injury in Indonesian pulmonary tuberculosis patients

What is known and objective: Tuberculosis is still a major infectious disease in Indonesia. Patients are treated mostly using fixed-dose combination treatment in primary public health facilities. The incidence of antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury (AT-DILI) is approximately 10% among Indonesian tuberculosis patients who used standard fi xed combination regimens during the intensive phase of treatment. However, information regarding genetic polymorphism associated with the increase risk of drug-induced liver injury is still limited. The aim of this study was to investigate pregnane X receptor (PXR) gene polymorphisms as one of the risk factors of AT-DILI. Methods:In this prospective cohort study, we recruited 106 adult patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis and treated with category I FDC (fixed-dose combination). The identification of SNP -25385C>T (rs3814055) was conducted by ARMS (ampli-fi cation refractory mutation system). Hepatotoxicity was defined as ALT and/or AST levels above the normal threshold on the second, fourth and sixth months of monitoring during tubercu-losis treatment. Results and discussion: The logistic regression analysis showed that patients with the TT genotype of PXR gene (rs3814055) significantly had a greater risk of AT-DILI (OR 8 � 89; 95% CI 1� 36–57�93, P < 0�05), compared with those of wild-type CC genotype. What is new and conclusion: The result suggests that in Indonesian patients with tuberculosis, the risk of having AT-DILI was associated with TT genotype of the PXR gen