When a thermal gradient is imposed on an isobaric solution, which is initially in chemical equilibrium, a redistribution of chemical species arises to minimize the free energy of the system. This process is known in general as thermal diffusion and in the case of liquids as the Soret effect. Matter and heat transfer taking place under these conditions can be formally treated with the methods of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. The Onsager reciprocity relations for the coefficients in the flux equations can be used to estimate the Soret coefficients. Soret effect experiments on molten salts and silicate melts have confirmed the Onsager reciprocity relations, and have shown that this effect can cause considerable isotopic and chemical inhomog...