Countermeasures Against Teacher Problems Arising from the Restructuring of Vocational High Schools

본 연구는 실업계 고등학교 교육 체제의 개편에 따른 교원 대책을 종합적으로 제시함을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위한 구체적인 목적은 다음과 같았다. 첫째, 실업계 고등학교 교원의 인력 구조 및 관리 체제의 현황을 분석한다. 둘째, 실업계 고등학교 개편의 배경, 개편 방안 및 추진 전망을 탐색한다. 셋째, 실업계 고등학교 교육 체제 개편에 따른 교원의 문제점을 진단한다. 넷째, 선진 외국의 실업계 고등학교 교원 체제를 검토하여 우리 나라에 주는 시사점을 도출한다. 다섯째, 이상의 내용을 바탕으로 하여 실업계 고등학교 교육 체제 개편에 따른 교원 대책을 현 인력 구조의 재구조화와 교원 관리 체제의 개편이라는 측면에서 제시한다.Vocational high schools, which have played central roles in secondary vocational education, are faced with several challenges due to the rapidly changing environmental conditions. For this reason, government and schools have made efforts for coping with these challenges and have considered restructuring the vocational high school educational system. However, it has been anticipated that these efforts will cause several problems in the teaching staff of vocational high school. This study was intended to develop comprehensive countermeasures against teacher problems due to restructuring the educational system of vocational high schools. Various research methods were used for accomplishing this study. Extensive literature and statistical data were collected and reviewed. A panel of expert committee was held several times in order to discuss and search the directions of reconstructing vocational high schools and the solutions to cope with the possible challenges in vocational high school teachers. The panel consisted of members in the Ministry of Education and the Offices of Education, vocational high school teachers, professors, and researchers. Survey with the questionnaires were conducted, which subjects were members in the Offices of Education, the principals and teachers in the vocational high schools. The results of this study were as follows: First, many vocational high schools have considered or planed for restructuring the educational and departmental systems. As a result, it was expected to produce the surplus teachers. Specially, it was expected that many surplus teachers would appear in the business information, the plant resources and landscape architecture, the chemical industry, and the textiles. Therefore, the alternatives through the reducing the student number a class, the in-service training, the generating of the new demands, the flexible managing of curriculum, and the interchange of personnel should be considered for the surplus teachers. However, when these alternatives are considered, it is essential to reflect independency, flexibility, the improvement of the vocational education's conditions into positively coping with the problems of the surplus teachers. Second, it was expected that beginning teachers in new fields are insufficient because vocational high schools have considered or planed for establishing the new departments which don't exist until now. Specially, it was expected that these new departments such fields as computer, internet, or information would increase while existing traditional departments are decreasing due to the industrial society's change. Accordingly, the following countermeasures should be considered: to hire the experienced workers in industry at principal's discretion; for the Superintendent to grant and hire the (assistant) teacher qualifications after recommendation of principal; to grant and hire the (assistant) teacher qualifications through the prescribed judgment; to grant the new teacher qualifications after in-service training; to utilize the training teachers of related subjects, etc. Third, the alternatives, which make the current teacher management system flexible and actual, should be developed for coping with the reformation of vocational high schools and for improving the management system of vocational high school teachers. Finally, the countermeasures against teacher problems are sensitive issues, on which the understanding relationship is concentrated. Therefore, it is essential for enough discussions, examinations and social agreements on the short-term policy measure as the deficit teachers and the long-term policy measures as the management system. Based upon the results of this study, the researchers make some recommendations for policy execution and further research.연구요약 Ⅰ. 서론 1 1. 연구의 필요성 3 2. 연구의 목적 5 3. 연구의 내용 5 4. 연구의 방법 6 5. 용어의 정의 17 6. 연구의 제한 18 Ⅱ. 실업계 고등학교 교원의 실태 19 1. 실업계 고등학교 교원의 인력 구조 21 2. 실업계 고등학교 교원의 관리 체제 51 Ⅲ. 실업계 고등학교 체제 개편의 추진 전망과 방향 85 1. 실업계 고등학교 체제 개편의 배경 87 2. 교육부의 실업계 고등학교 개편 정책 103 3. 시·도 교육청 및 일선 실업계 고등학교의 체제 개편 계획 128 4. 실업계 고등학교 개편의 종합 및 추진 전망 169 Ⅳ. 실업계 고등학교 개편에 따른 교원의 문제점 181 1. 인력 구조 측면에서의 문제점 183 2. 관리 체제 측면에서의 문제점 193 Ⅴ. 선진 외국의 실업계 고등학교 교원 체제 209 1. 미국 211 2. 영국 222 3. 독일 230 4. 일본 238 5. 시사점 244 Ⅵ. 실업계 고등학교 교육 체제 개편에 따른 교원대책 방안 249 1. 과원 교원 대책 251 2. 부족 교원/새롭게 수요가 창출되는 교원에 대한 대책 280 3. 교원 관리 체제의 개선 283 Ⅶ. 결론, 논의 및 제언 315 1. 결론 및 논의 317 2. 제언 319 참고문헌 323 Abstract 329 부록 33