Efficiency of virtual reality training to improve balance and gait in stroke patients

Uvod: Težave z ravnotežjem in hojo so po možganski kapi pogoste in so povezane s slabo premičnostjo in vsakodnevno dejavnostjo ter povečanim tveganjem za padce. V zadnjih letih se v fizioterapiji pacientov po možganski kapi vse pogosteje uporablja navidezna resničnost, ki poveča motivacijo, upošteva načela teorije motoričnega učenja in omogoča udeležencu, da stalno spremlja uspešnost izvedbe svojih gibov preko zaslona. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil pregledati izsledke raziskav o učinkovitosti vadbe z navidezno resničnostjo, dodani fizioterapiji pri pacientih po možganski kapi na izboljšanje ravnotežja in hoje. Metode dela: Randomizirane kontrolirane poskuse smo iskali v podatkovnih zbirkah PubMed (MEDLINE), CINAHL in PEDro. Rezultati: V pregled smo vključili 13 randomiziranih kontroliranih poskusov, objavljenih med letoma 2008 in 2017. Razprava in zaključek: Po pregledu raziskav ne moremo zaključiti, da je dodana uporaba navidezne resničnosti po možganski kapi za izboljšanje hoje in ravnotežja učinkovitejša kot sama standardna fizioterapija. Potrebnih je več raziskav na tem področju, z večjim številom preiskovancev in enotnejšimi ocenjevalnimi orodji.Introduction: Balance and walking problems are common after a stroke and are associated with poor mobility, difficulties in carrying out daily activities, and an increased risk of falls. In recent years, virtual reality has increasingly been used in physiotherapy following a stroke, a relatively new approach that enhances motivation, adheres to the principles of motor learning theory, and allows the participant to constantly monitor the performance of its movements through the screen. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma work was to review randomized controlled trials in order to establish effects of exercise with virtual reality, added to physiotherapy in patients after a stroke to improve balance and walking. Methods: Randomized controlled trials were searched in databases: PubMed (MEDLINE), CINAHL and PEDro. Results: We included 13 randomized controlled trials published between 2008 and 2017 in the review. Discussion and conclusion: After examining the research, we cannot draw a conclusion that use of added virtual reality in patients after stroke for improving walking and balance is more effective than conventional physiotherapy itself. Additional research is needed in this area, with a larger number of subjects and more uniform assessment tool