Angle-, Energy- and Spin-Resolved Photoelectron Emission Using Circularly Polarized Synchrotron Radiation

Heinzmann U. Angle-, Energy- and Spin-Resolved Photoelectron Emission Using Circularly Polarized Synchrotron Radiation. Physica Scripta. 1987;T17:77-88.With the development of BESSY a light source of circularly polarized vuv radiation with sufficiently high intensity has become available to make angle- and energy-resolved photoelectron spin-polarization studies with circularly polarized radiation feasible. This paper reviews the recent experimental activities performed with free atoms, physisorbed adsorbates and solid surfaces (metals as well insulator) in the past three years. The spin-polarization of photoelectrons measured under certain conditions to be almost complete studies atomic effects as auto-ionization resonances in the gas phase as well as even in the photo-emission of adsorbates. The cross comparison of photoemission data from Xe in its different structural phases (free atom, adsorbate in different structures and on different substrates, three dimensional crystal) yields symmetry characterizations of the electronic states (assignment of quantum numbers, determination of dipole matrix elements and phase shifts; spin resolved band mapping) and shows the ability of spin-polarization spectroscopy to build a bridge between atomic and surface physics