This article discusses the folk origins of Communist political art in China which emerged in rural areas during the period of the anti-Japanese war (1937-1945). The introduction of the New Woodcut Movement in the mid-1930s in Shanghai and Canton under the supervision of the writer, Lu Xun, marked the beginning of artistic practices favouring the use of print media in order to establish a more direct contact with the lower strata of the population. But black and white woodblock, created by educated intellectuals in an urban environment, proved unappealing to peasant audiences after artists moved to the rural areas of North-West China due to the outbreak of the War. A shift occurred towards the popular language of the peasants’ New Year Print...