The concept of contract has become essential in economics for the last 30 years. Three main theoretical frameworks emerged : the "incentive theory", the "incomplete contract theory" and the "transaction costs theory". These frameworks enabled scholars to renew their analysis of microeconomic co-ordination problems, with many implications for Industrial Economies. Beyond this, the analyses of the performing of "market" economies and of the institutional framework were also renewed. If substantial progress has been made, new developments are needed. They require a better understanding of bounded rationality and also of interactions between contracts and institutions.Durant les trente dernières années, le concept de contrat est devenu central ...