Dichotomous traits: Relationship between effect size, proportion of causal variants, and power, when causal variants are a mixture of protective and deleterious effects.

<p>Each box corresponds to a different proportion of causal variants involved in the relationship between rare variants and continuous traits (from left to right, 10, 15, 20 and 30%). On the x-axis, effect sizes are in standard deviations and correspond to the absolute value of the average size effect.