Effect of selected chemokines on NPC differentiation.

<p>(A) The effect of chemokines (10 ng/ml) on neuronal differentiation as assessed by quantifying the relative percentage of cells that expressed the neuronal marker βIII-tubulin at 3 days under treatment conditions compared to the basal control. (B) The effect on astrocyte differentiation was assessed by counting the percentage of cells immunostained for the astrocyte marker GFAP at 7 days, expressed as a relative percentage compared to the basal control. (C) The effect on oligodendrocyte differentiation was assessed by counting the number of cells immunostained for the oligodendrocyte marker O4 at 7 days and expressing this as a percentage relative to the basal control. (D) Representative micrographs of βIII-tubulin, GFAP and DAPI labeling of cultures differentiated for 3 days in the presence of 10 ng/ml CXCL9, CCL2 or CCL21, compared to basal conditions. Results in A–C are expressed as mean+/−sem from at <i>n</i>≥3 independent experiments, *<i>p</i><0.05, **<i>p</i><0.01. Scale bar in D, 50 µm.