<p>Virus production of alveolar macrophages (AM) (a), macrophages cultured in the presence of human serum (MM) (b), and macrophages cultured in the presence of GM-CSF (GM-MM) (c), after infection with seasonal H3N2 virus, HPAIV H5N1 or pandemic H1N1 virus. Geometric mean titers were calculated from independent experiments; error bars indicate standard deviation. * indicates a statistical (p<0.05) difference. ** indicates a statistical (p<0.01) difference.</p
<p>HA: hemagglutination.</p><p>TCID<sub>50</sub> (50% tissue culture infectious dose) was measured i...
Highly pathogenic influenza H5N1 virus continues to pose a threat to public health. Although the mec...
Macrophages (Mf) play an important role in the pathogenesis of influenza infection, but the obtainin...
<p>Percentage of infected alveolar macrophages (AM) and monocyte-derived macrophages cultured in the...
<p>Double staining for influenza A virus nucleoprotein (brown nuclear staining) and a macrophage mar...
<p>TNF-alpha mRNA levels expressed in fold-induction over non-infected cells after seasonal H3N2 vir...
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) of the subtype H5N1 causes severe, often fatal pneum...
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) of the subtype H5N1 causes severe, often fatal pneum...
<p>Mice were infected with 10<sup>5</sup> PFU of H1N1, pH1N1, or H5N1 virus, three mice per infectio...
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) of the subtype H5N1 causes severe, often fatal pneum...
Human disease caused by highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 can lead to a rapidly progress...
Human disease caused by highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 can lead to a rapidly progress...
<p>Viruses in culture supernatants were detected by ELISA 48 h following treatment with ATA, AH or b...
<p>Primary macrophages were harvested from the lungs of healthy BALB/c mice through tissue digestion...
<p>(<b>A</b>) Laser scatter histograms of mock- and Udorn-infected Mph1 and Mph2 cells. (<b>B</b>) H...
<p>HA: hemagglutination.</p><p>TCID<sub>50</sub> (50% tissue culture infectious dose) was measured i...
Highly pathogenic influenza H5N1 virus continues to pose a threat to public health. Although the mec...
Macrophages (Mf) play an important role in the pathogenesis of influenza infection, but the obtainin...
<p>Percentage of infected alveolar macrophages (AM) and monocyte-derived macrophages cultured in the...
<p>Double staining for influenza A virus nucleoprotein (brown nuclear staining) and a macrophage mar...
<p>TNF-alpha mRNA levels expressed in fold-induction over non-infected cells after seasonal H3N2 vir...
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) of the subtype H5N1 causes severe, often fatal pneum...
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) of the subtype H5N1 causes severe, often fatal pneum...
<p>Mice were infected with 10<sup>5</sup> PFU of H1N1, pH1N1, or H5N1 virus, three mice per infectio...
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) of the subtype H5N1 causes severe, often fatal pneum...
Human disease caused by highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 can lead to a rapidly progress...
Human disease caused by highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 can lead to a rapidly progress...
<p>Viruses in culture supernatants were detected by ELISA 48 h following treatment with ATA, AH or b...
<p>Primary macrophages were harvested from the lungs of healthy BALB/c mice through tissue digestion...
<p>(<b>A</b>) Laser scatter histograms of mock- and Udorn-infected Mph1 and Mph2 cells. (<b>B</b>) H...
<p>HA: hemagglutination.</p><p>TCID<sub>50</sub> (50% tissue culture infectious dose) was measured i...
Highly pathogenic influenza H5N1 virus continues to pose a threat to public health. Although the mec...
Macrophages (Mf) play an important role in the pathogenesis of influenza infection, but the obtainin...