Zebu cattle in the interior of the state of Pernambuco. In order to supply the sugar estates and mining centers with meat, leather, beasts of burden and other foodstuffs, large cattle ranches were set up in the interior, especially along the largest rivers, and in southern Brazil. These activities replaced mining in many regions when that industry began to decline in the late Eighteeth century and enabled the vast interior to be settled. Population statistics during the colonial period vary and estimates indicate that there were about three million people living in Brazil by the late Eighteenth century, two thirds of which were slave and free Africans.Gado zebu próximo à Januária (MG), ao longo do rio São Francisco. A fim de abastecer os en...