Fast glutamate and GABA transmission in Crh-IRES-Cre;Ai14 tdTomato neurons.

<p><b>A</b>) Left: Sample recording, in voltage-clamp mode, from a single tdTomato neuron in the presence of picrotoxin (100 µM) blocking GABAA receptors. Right: plots, obtained from analysis of 5 min recording showing a cumulative distribution of amplitudes (top) and inter event intervals (iei's) of spontaneous EPSCs during this period. <b>B</b>) Above: Averaged (black) and un-averaged (grey) evoked EPSCs. Paired-pulse interval is 50 msec. Below: Data from n = 12 tdTomato neurons showing paired-pulse ratio (PPR: evoke 2/evoke1). <b>C</b>) Left: Sample eEPSC traces recorded from an individual td+ cell at −80 mV (lower inward AMPAR-mediated current) and at +40 mV after addition of DNQX (10 µM; upper outward NMDAR current). Right: Ratio between inward AMPAR and outward NMDAR currents for n = 11 tdTomato neurons in the PVN. <b>D</b>) Left: spontaneous GABAAR-mediated inhibitory post-synaptic currents (IPSCs) recorded at −80 mV in a single td+ neuron with 10 µM DNQX. Right: cumulative distribution plots from this cell, of IPSC amplitudes and iei's. <b>E</b>) Above: evoked IPSCs with 50 msec interval. Averaged (black) and individual trials (grey) overlaid. Bottom: PPR data from n = 17 tdTomato neurons. <b>F</b>) Left: individual traces of evoked IPSCs (eIPSCs), in a td+ cell, recorded at varied holding potentials (−100 mV to −30 mV, 10 mV increment). Right: eIPSC current-voltage relationship showing eIPSC reversal potential in n = 6 td+ neurons. Data are represented by mean ± SEM. Scale bars 20 pA/50 msec in (<b>A,D</b>) and 50 pA/10 msec in (<b>B,C,E,F</b>).