<p><sup>a</sup> : Median absolute percent bias of σ<sup>2</sup><sub>u</sub> was calculated for each simulation scenario, then summarized across scenarios.</p><p><sup>b</sup> : This is the number of simulation scenarios used to calculate the information.</p
<p>Median relative bias and estimated coverage of asymptotic 95% confidence intervals for estimated ...
a<p>In each scenario (apart from 5c and 5d) the baseline regression coefficient was chosen to equal...
<p>Relative mean bias percentage, RMSE and coverage probability when N = 30000, m = 30, <i>β</i><sub...
<p>Median (interquartile range) of the R<sup>2</sup> is the center of the box, box edges are the 25<...
<p>Simulation study estimates of bias (mean and 95% confidence interval for the mean).</p
<p>Percent of variable normal σ simulations for which AIC<i>c</i> selected maximum likelihood (ML) e...
<p>Each boxplot summarizes the distribution of proportional error in the posterior predictive median...
<p>Average absolute prediction bias for the 10,000 data sets from each simulation setting and for ea...
<p>Barplot depicting the proportion of scenarios in which the effect of the absolute percent differe...
Scenario descriptions and parameter combinations are adapted directly from Ioannidis [1]. The remain...
The table provides the empirical bias (averaged over days 1, 2, …, T and the 500 datasets), empirica...
The proportion of simulated estimates that were biased negatively by 5% or more and positively by 5%...
<p>The x-axis denotes the absolute level of estimation bias (abs[estimated value – true value]*100) ...
<p>The simulated results are represented by the solid symbols connected with lines. In these cases, ...
<p>Root-mean-squared-error (RMSE) and % coverage rates for the 95% highest posterior density (HPD) i...
<p>Median relative bias and estimated coverage of asymptotic 95% confidence intervals for estimated ...
a<p>In each scenario (apart from 5c and 5d) the baseline regression coefficient was chosen to equal...
<p>Relative mean bias percentage, RMSE and coverage probability when N = 30000, m = 30, <i>β</i><sub...
<p>Median (interquartile range) of the R<sup>2</sup> is the center of the box, box edges are the 25<...
<p>Simulation study estimates of bias (mean and 95% confidence interval for the mean).</p
<p>Percent of variable normal σ simulations for which AIC<i>c</i> selected maximum likelihood (ML) e...
<p>Each boxplot summarizes the distribution of proportional error in the posterior predictive median...
<p>Average absolute prediction bias for the 10,000 data sets from each simulation setting and for ea...
<p>Barplot depicting the proportion of scenarios in which the effect of the absolute percent differe...
Scenario descriptions and parameter combinations are adapted directly from Ioannidis [1]. The remain...
The table provides the empirical bias (averaged over days 1, 2, …, T and the 500 datasets), empirica...
The proportion of simulated estimates that were biased negatively by 5% or more and positively by 5%...
<p>The x-axis denotes the absolute level of estimation bias (abs[estimated value – true value]*100) ...
<p>The simulated results are represented by the solid symbols connected with lines. In these cases, ...
<p>Root-mean-squared-error (RMSE) and % coverage rates for the 95% highest posterior density (HPD) i...
<p>Median relative bias and estimated coverage of asymptotic 95% confidence intervals for estimated ...
a<p>In each scenario (apart from 5c and 5d) the baseline regression coefficient was chosen to equal...
<p>Relative mean bias percentage, RMSE and coverage probability when N = 30000, m = 30, <i>β</i><sub...