Wnt3a or DKK1 activate or inactivate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

<p>(<b>A</b>) The expression of β-catenin as well as GSK3β were measured by Western blot in ADSCs grown in DFC-CM or in basal medium (control) with or without the presence of Wnt3a (100 ng/mL)/DKK-1 (100 ng/mL) for 7 d. Beta-actin was used as control for equal loading. (<b>B, C</b>) Expression of LEF-1 (<b>B</b>) and TCF-4 (<b>C</b>) genes in ADSCs cultured in basal medium or in DFC-CM with Wnt3a (100 ng/mL)/DKK-1 (100 ng/mL) for 7 d. PBS was used as control condition. The expression levels were normalized to that of β-actin. The results represent mean values (SD) from three independent experiments performed in triplicates. *<i>P</i><0.05 vs. the PBS group.