Regulation of cementogenic differentiation of ADSCs by Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

<p>(<b>A</b>) Immunostaining of BSP and CAP in ADSCs cultured in basal medium or DFC-CM with or without Wnt3a (100 ng/mL)/DKK-1 (100 ng/mL) treatment for 7 d. Scale bar represents 100 µm. (<b>B–E</b>) Expression of CAP (<b>B</b>), ALP (<b>C</b>), BSP (<b>D</b>), and OPN (<b>E</b>) genes in ADSCs cultured in basal medium or in DFC-CM with Wnt3a (100 ng/mL)/DKK-1 (100 ng/mL) for 7 d. PBS was used as control condition. The expression levels were normalized to that of β-actin. The results represent mean values (SD) from three independent experiments performed in triplicates. *<i>P</i><0.05 vs. the PBS group.