NOD1 signaling is dependent on F-actin.

<p>(A) Effect of 6 h cytochalasin D (cytoD) treatment on TriDAP/NOD1 induced NF-κB activation in PMA differentiated THP1-blue reporter cells. Mean + S.D. (n = 3). Significance was calculated by student's t-test (unpaired, two-tailed) *p<0.05, **p<0.005 (compared to 0 nM cytoD). (B) IL-8 secretion of THP1 cells treated for 6 h with the indicated PAMP in the presence or absence of cytochalasin D. Shown is the mean of triplicates from two independent experiments + S.D. (n = 6). The fold induction of IL-8 by cytoD is depicted below. (C) SSH1 knock-down effect on cytoD enhanced NOD1 signaling. Differentiated THP1 cells were treated with cytoD for 6 h and stimulated with 10 µg/ml TriDAP (black bars) or mock treated (open bars). IL-8 secretion measured in the supernatant after 6 h of incubation is shown, mean + S.D. (n = 3), * p<0.05, ** p<0.005.