Vγ9Vδ2 T cell antiviral IFN-γ production is blunted in obese patients.

<p>PBMC were isolated from whole blood of OD and NOD, stimulated with influenza virus for 8 hours and analyzed for IFN-γ production and CD69 upregulation by flow cytometry. (A) Representative plot of IFN-γ⁺ production by Vδ2⁺ CD3⁺ gated cells. Large numbers in upper right quadrant represent the percent of Vδ2⁺ T cells producing IFN-γ, while small numbers inside the gate denote the percent of Vδ2⁺ T cells producing high amounts of IFN-γ. (B) Compilation of six separate experiments illustrating IFN-γ cytokine production by Vδ2 T cells. Lines connect paired donor sets for each experiment. (C) Vδ2⁺ T cells upregulate CD69 in NOD and OD following viral infection regardless of BMI. Histograms are gated on Vδ2⁺ CD3⁺ T cells. Grey histograms represent uninfected PBMC and black lines represent influenza-infected PBMC. Bar graph represents change in MFI +/- SD following influenza infection of PBMC from five OD and NOD. (D) Compilation of four separate experiments illustrating Granzyme B (D) or NKG2D (E) expression by unstimulated (open circles) or influenza virus stimulated (filled squares) Vδ2 T cells. Lines connect paired donor sets for each experiment. (F) Representative plot of IFN-γ⁺ production by αβ⁺ CD3⁺ gated cells. Large numbers in upper right quadrant represent the percent of αβ⁺ T cells producing IFN-γ, while small numbers inside the gate denote the percent of αβ⁺ T cells producing high amounts of IFN-γ. (G) Compilation of five separate experiments illustrating IFN-γ cytokine production by αβ T cells. Lines connect paired donor sets for each experiment. P-values calculated from Pearson’s unpaired Student’s <i>t</i>-test.