Galectin-9 is upregulated and released in lungs of mice during respiratory <i>F</i>. <i>novicida</i> (F.n.) infection.

<p><b>(A)</b> Total RNA was extracted by Trizol method from lungs harvested at the indicated times after infection with the F.n. strain U112. The mRNA levels of galectin-9 were analyzed by real-time PCR as described in Materials and Methods and are expressed as fold increase over the levels in mock control mice. Data shown are the averages of 3–4 mice per group. <b>(B)</b> In-situ IF staining of frozen lung sections from mock control and U112 infected mice harvested at 3 dpi. The sections were stained for galectin-9 (red) using a purified rat galectin-9 antibody followed by Alexa-546 conjugated chicken anti-rat antibody. Nuclei (blue) were stained with 4’6’ diamidino-2-phenylindol-dilactate (DAPI). Magnification X 200. Inset depicts possible extracellular galectin-9 in infected mouse lungs. The area indicated by green arrow has been enlarged and shown in <b>(C)</b>. Asterisks depict galectin-9 present in cell-free areas.