Experimental paradigm and analysis overview.

<p>Panel A depicts the sequence of events for a given trial. Participants view an initial fixation cross and then are instructed to look at the picture (compared to reappraise). Participants then see a photo and are asked to rate how negative they feel on a likert scale of 1–5. Panel B illustrates the temporal data reduction for each rating level using voxel-wise univariate analysis and an assumed hemodynamic response function. Panel C: these voxels are then treated as features and trained to predict ratings using LASSO-PCR with leave-one-subject-out cross validation. Subject’s data for each rating is concatenated across participants. Panel D: this multivoxel weight map pattern can be tested on new data using matrix multiplication to produce a scalar affective rating prediction. Panel E: we calculated two different types of classification accuracy: (a) the ability to discriminate between high (rating = 5) and low (rating = 1) affective ratings and (b) the ability to discriminate between high affective and high pain data.