Results of simulations that varied independently true underlying competence during the pre-criterion phase and post-criterion phase of a hypothetical category-learning task.

<p><i>A</i>. Underlying pre-criterion competence (Y-axis) plotted as a function of the pre-criterion performance actually expressed within the simulation (X-axis). <i>B</i>. Underlying post-criterion competence (Y-axis) plotted as a function of the post-criterion performance actually expressed within the simulation (X-axis). <i>C</i>. The change in underlying performance competence (Y-axis) plotted as a function of the pre-post performance transition actually expressed within the simulation (X-axis). In all panels, the diagonal line represents perfect correspondence between the performance produced by the simulation and its underlying-competence inputs. Each data point represents the average data from one of 676 simulated competency transitions.