<p>Subject positioned during the force (left part) and position tasks (right part). In the force task (FT), the right foot was strapped to a pedal connected to a force transducer and the subjects had the ongoing plantarflexion force as visual feedback (signals from the force transducer). In the position task (PT), the pedal was attached to the load via a pulley system and visual feedback of the ankle angle (signals from the accelerometer, depicted at the right side of the base of the pedal) was provided. The scheme shows the location of recording and stimulation electrodes (connected with blue and red wires, respectively) for posterior tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve stimulation and for soleus, tibialis anterior, semitendinosus, and ...
<p>The subject controlled a haptic manipulator that simulated a spring. During reference trials the ...
MotionMakerTM is a robotic system that employs functional electrical stimulation (FES) of leg muscle...
<p>A: Experimental setup. Participants were seated with their right index finger and their left foot...
<p>Each subject was seated upright with the right hand positioned in the custom apparatus, and faced...
<p>(A) The position servo motor was installed horizontally and applied perturbations to the crank, t...
A) Electrode placement for the isolated stimulation of the common peroneal nerve [Anode: A-CPN, Cath...
<p>A: Experimental setup, B: Measurementsystem <b>|</b> 1: stopper, 2: fallingweight, 3: pulley, 4: ...
<p>(A) Participants’ left forearm was resting on a motorized platform that could move laterally to t...
<p>(A) Positioning of the subject in the reference position of the knee (90°) at a mid-flexed hip po...
<p>Special care was taken to ensure that the mechanical demands of each task were identical, and no ...
<p>In panel A (left), it is represented the back view of the experiment. The screen that presents vi...
<p>Illustration of participants and target position (near or far from the hand) in the scanner durin...
<p>The gray line represents the anatomical plantar and dorsiflexion axis. The gray rectangles repres...
A) Subjects were seated on a chair and fitted with both VSS configurations, surface EMG electrodes a...
<p>Experimental groups are grouped by stimulation type (A, noxious stimulation – clinically required...
<p>The subject controlled a haptic manipulator that simulated a spring. During reference trials the ...
MotionMakerTM is a robotic system that employs functional electrical stimulation (FES) of leg muscle...
<p>A: Experimental setup. Participants were seated with their right index finger and their left foot...
<p>Each subject was seated upright with the right hand positioned in the custom apparatus, and faced...
<p>(A) The position servo motor was installed horizontally and applied perturbations to the crank, t...
A) Electrode placement for the isolated stimulation of the common peroneal nerve [Anode: A-CPN, Cath...
<p>A: Experimental setup, B: Measurementsystem <b>|</b> 1: stopper, 2: fallingweight, 3: pulley, 4: ...
<p>(A) Participants’ left forearm was resting on a motorized platform that could move laterally to t...
<p>(A) Positioning of the subject in the reference position of the knee (90°) at a mid-flexed hip po...
<p>Special care was taken to ensure that the mechanical demands of each task were identical, and no ...
<p>In panel A (left), it is represented the back view of the experiment. The screen that presents vi...
<p>Illustration of participants and target position (near or far from the hand) in the scanner durin...
<p>The gray line represents the anatomical plantar and dorsiflexion axis. The gray rectangles repres...
A) Subjects were seated on a chair and fitted with both VSS configurations, surface EMG electrodes a...
<p>Experimental groups are grouped by stimulation type (A, noxious stimulation – clinically required...
<p>The subject controlled a haptic manipulator that simulated a spring. During reference trials the ...
MotionMakerTM is a robotic system that employs functional electrical stimulation (FES) of leg muscle...
<p>A: Experimental setup. Participants were seated with their right index finger and their left foot...