Okannya of Masheve Type

In the article considers some examples of hypercorrect use of [o] in the place of etymological a, based on the material of dialectal texts from Masheve village of Chornobyl district, Kyiv region; regularity, system character and stability of this feature are shown; different views on the origin and age of okannya in Middle Polissian dialect are analyzed. Stability of okannya appears in records which are carried out almost half a century after the researches of Tetyana Nazarova. For the last 50 years the Masheve local dialect had little influence of standard Ukrainian, standard Russian, and nearby local dialects without okannya. This repeated research of the Masheve local dialect specified the maintainance of [o] in unaccented syllables, in prefixes and prepositions, in verbal forms and adverbial participial suffixes. Exceptions are presented in the cases when unaccented [a] defines certain grammatical category in the forms of nouns, adjectives and in adverbs. We see shaking loose of (deviation from) dialectal norm primary in frequent words which are common for both Ukrainian and Russian languages; it is characteristic mainly for speech of men. Deviation from the dialectal norm is noticeable also in the proper names, especially in the personal names and names of countries, which are widely used today. Non-parallel forms appear in loan-words of low frequency. Examples in which [o] replaces any unstressed vowel (окони, оконостас) testify to the system character, obligatoryness and prevalence of this phenomenon. Stability of okannya in Chornobyl local dialects can be explained by the specific character of their phonological system. Hypothesis about hypercorrect use of [o], which was defended by Tetyana Nazarova at one time, requires additional arguments. Prevalence of okannya only in Chornobyl local dialects, stability of forms with [o] during long period of time confirms suppositions of Yuri Shevelyov about common Slavic character of okannya. Researches of history of the main dialectal features of certain areas give the possibility to find out factors which are the most instrumental in the maintenance of dialectal features, as well as trace the tendencies in dynamics of the dialectal systems which result in their transformation.У статті на матеріалі діалектних текстів говірки села Машеве Чорнобильського району Київської області розглянуто приклади вживання о на місці етимологічного а, підкреслено регулярність, системність і стійкість цієї риси; проаналізовано різні погляди щодо походження і давності окання в середньополіських говірках