上海偏差青少年边缘化的社会互动过程研究—以青少年社区服刑人员为例 = A study on the social interactive process of the marginalization of juvenile delinquents in Shanghai : taking the juveniles under community corrections as an example

xii, 281 p. : ill., charts ; 30 cm.PolyU Library Call No.: [THS] LG51 .H577P APSS 2009 Fei本文运用扎根理论研究方法，通过对上海市某区 22 名青少年社区服刑人员偏差历程的深入访谈，归纳出“次生社会化”的核心概念，发现了偏差青少年边缘化社会互动过程中的“游离”、“自衍”和“多元衍化”阶段性特 征，并从青少年自身的视角，剖析了其偏差和边缘化的内外部成因。本文认为，偏差青少年的边缘化社会互动过程是一个次生社会化的过程，偏差或犯罪只是青少年次生社会化过程的一个产物，是青少年与其社会环境互动的结果。从微观层面分析，“共认符号”和“协同行动”是其次生社会化的互动机制；“寻求自我认同”与“自我实现”是青少年次生社会化的行为逻辑。从宏观层面分析，中国经济快速转型导致的社会秩序不确定性，文化、价值观等的多元演化，是影响青少年成长过程中发生偏差行为的重要因素。其中社会多元文化与价值观、以升学率为导向的教育制度，在偏差青少年社会化的初期扮演“推”的角色；升学与就业制度的歧视性又在偏差青少年准备结束偏差历程和重返主流社会的转折期起到了“堵”的作用。这一推与一堵，既直接催化了青少年的边缘化过程，又阻碍了其回归主流社会的途径。当偏差青少年被主流社会分流或排斥后，常常会在以同伴圈形式出现的次生社会环境中继续着自身社会化的完成过程，其行为特征一般表现为叛逆、反社会秩序等次生性特点。但次生社会化的过程很不稳定，它使得偏差青少年在寻找自我和形成身份认同的过程显得复杂而艰辛。本文还依据偏差青少年边缘化社会互动过程的研究结果，对青少年社区矫正社会工作服务框架及服务体系的构建提出了基本设想和实施建议。Using the grounded theory as an approach, based on in-depth interviews with 22 juveniles currently under community corrections, this research induces a core concept of "secondary socialization". It has been discovered that there are three stages in the juvenile delinquents' social interactive marginalization process: departure from conventional routine, self-development towards deviance, and multidimensional development. This research gives an analysis of the inner and outer causes of the marginalization, from the perspective of the interviewees. This research believes that the social interactive process of marginalization is a secondary socialization process, of which the deviant behaviors or crimes are just an outcome, resulted from the interaction between the juvenile and his social environment. To analyze from the micro level, the mechanism of such secondary socialization is mutual symbol and coordinated action; seeking self-identification and self-realization is the logic behind the behaviors. To analyze from the macro level, the unstable social orders and the diverse evolution of culture and values during the transition of Chinese economy influence largely on the behaviors during the growth of the juveniles. In the early stages of the juvenile delinquent's socialization, the diversity of culture and values, and the score-oriented educational system plays the role of a "pusher"; in the later stages when the juvenile tries to end his deviation and return to a normal life, the social bias he faces in school and in his career plays the role of a "blocker". Under such circumstances, the juvenile is pushed into his marginalization, and blocked from returning to a normal social status. When the juvenile delinquent becomes an outsider of the mainstream society, he usually continues his socialization in a secondary society which often takes the form of a friends circle. During this process he often displays secondary characteristics such as being rebellious, acting against social order, and etc.. However, such secondary socialization is very unstable, which makes the process of self-identification and self-recognition complex and difficult for the juvenile delinquent. Based on the results of the research, this thesis also proposed several suggestions for the construction of the social service system for the juvenile community correction.Department of Applied Social SciencesPh.D., Dept. of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 200