Čimbenici neurorizičnosti u djece s grubim motoričkim disfunkcijama donjih udova

The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for neurological development in children aged 1 to 3 years with a mild paraparesis form of motor development of lower extremities. Identification and follow-up of the neurorisk factors is important for early detection of neurodevelopmental deviations as well as for initiating early therapeutic treatments, which can improve the processes of brain plasticity and lead to recovery of the damaged function. Analysis of risk factors in children with paraparesis form of development revealed complicated pregnancy such as maternal diseases, fetal growth retardation or placental immaturity in 48% of these children; 26% of children were born before or after the term, and 34% had complications during delivery such as cesarean section or breech birth. In the present study, 80% of children with motor disabilities of lower extremities had Apgar index 10, 8% Apgar index 9, and only 12% had Apgar index lower than 8. Only 10% of 50 study children had normal ultrasound results, whereas cranial ultrasound abnormalities such as periventricular hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage were recorded in 62% of the children.Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi čimbenike rizika za neurološki razvoj u djece od 1. do 3. godine života s blažim paraparetskim obrascem razvoja motorike donjih udova. Prepoznavanje i praćenje neurorizičnih čimbenika važno je za rano otkrivanje neurorazvojnih odstupanja, kao i za ranu primjenu terapijskih postupaka koji mogu pospješiti procese plastičnosti mozga i dovesti do oporavka oštećene funkcije. Analizom čimbenika rizika kod djece s paraparetskim obrascem razvoja utvrđeno je slijedeće: 48% djece se rodilo iz komplicirane trudnoće (infekcija majke u trudnoći, majčin dijabetes melitus, hipertenzija majke, bolesti posteljice, krvarenja u trudnoći), 26% djece je prijevremeno rođeno, dok su se u 34% djece potvrdila određena odstupanja u porodu (rođena na zadak ili carskim rezom). U provedenom istraživanju u 80% djece s motoričkim teškoćama u donjim ekstremitetima potvrdio se Apgar indeks 10, u 8% Apgar indeks 9, dok je samo 12% djece imalo Apgar indeks manji od 8. Od 50 sudionika samo 10% je imalo uredan nalaz ultrazvuka mozga, dok su u 62% slučajeva zabilježene određene abnormalnosti kao što su periventrikulsko krvarenje i intraventrikulsko krvarenje