Neuron

Recording the activity of large populations of neurons is an important step toward understanding the\ua0emergent function of neural circuits. Here we present a simple holographic method to simultaneously perform two-photon calcium imaging of neuronal populations across multiple areas and layers of mouse cortex in\ua0vivo. We use prior knowledge of neuronal locations, activity sparsity, and a constrained nonnegative matrix factorization algorithm to extract signals from neurons imaged simultaneously and located in different focal planes or fields of view. Our laser multiplexing approach is simple and fast, and could be used as a general method to image the activity of neural circuits in three dimensions across multiple areas in the brain.R01MH100561/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United StatesR01MH101218/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United StatesR01 MH100561/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United StatesR01 MH101218/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United StatesDP1 EY024503/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United StatesR01 EY011787/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United StatesR41MH100895/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United StatesR41 MH100895/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United StatesDP1EY024503/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHS/United StatesR01EY011787/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States2017-01-20T00:00:00Z26774159PMC47242247184vault:2051