Topological analysis for consistent initialization in circuit simulation

One of the difficulties of the numerical integration methods for differential-algebraic equations (DAEs) is the computation of consistent initial values before starting the integration, i.e., to calculate values that satisfy the given algebraic constraints as well as the hidden constraints if higher index problems are considered. This paper presents an algorithm that permits the consistent initialization of index 1 or 2 DAE-systems resulting from electric circuit simulation by means of modified nodal analysis (MNA). The presented approach arises from the topological properties of the network and holds for circuits that may contain some specific controlled sources