Electron Number Diagrams A New Phase Diagram for Complex Redox Systems

Electron number diagrams are proposed as a new phase diagram for the graphical representation f complex multi-phase redox equilibria. The new diagrams may be viewed as a transformed representation f a potential-pH diagram, in which the potential is replaced with its conjugate variable, the number of electrons. The transformed diagrams retain the information content of potential-pH diagrams, but in addition, gain the advantages of conventional metallurgical phase di-agrams. Points on the new diagrams may be located from a knowledge of initial composition and pH. Process trajectories may be followed: For example, evaporation paths or the effect of addition of a known amount of material or number of electrons may be determined. Graphical material balances may be performed