First I thank my advisor, Dr. Dave Richman, for his time and efforts contributing to my development as a scientist and practitioner. I am privileged to have worked with him, learned from him, and counted him as a friend these three years. I thank my committee members for guidance and support throughout my dissertation. I especially thank Dr. Paul Soto for lending his expertise and access to superior software to assist with the repeated measures analysis of variance. I also thank the Graduate School for their generous financial support, which contributed to participant compensation, and graphing and programming software. Special thanks go to Dr. K. Geoffrey White for providing expert consultation during the development and execution of this ...