Biosensor System for the Detection of Agrichemicals and Its Applications

Abstract In the recent years, some organic toxic chemicals were used for obtaining high-yield productivity in agriculture. The undegraded pesticides may remain in the agricultural foods through atmosphere, water, and soil and cause public health problems to environmental resources and human beings even at very low concentrations. Small amounts of pesticides can affect a central nervous system, resulting in immunogenic diseases, infertility problems, respiratory diseases and born marrow diseases, which can lead even to death. Monitoring of the environmental pesticide is one of the important issues for the human well-being. Several kinds of biosensors have been successfully applied to the detection of agrichemical toxicity. Also, few platforms for biocide detection have been definitely developed for the degradation and reaction of pesticides. Biochip and electrochemistry experiments involve immobilizing a receptor molecule on a solid substrate surface, and monitoring its interaction with an analyte in a sample solution. Furthermore, nanotechnology can be applied to make high-throughput analyses that are smaller, faster and sensitive than conventional assays. Some nanomaterials or nanofabricated surfaces can be coupled to biomolecules and used in antibody-based assays and enzymatic methods for pesticide residues. The operation procedure has become more convenient as it does not require labeling procedure. In this paper, we review the recent advances in agrichemical detection research and also describ