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In this work an attempt was made to evaluate the competitiveness of the fisheries and aquaculture industries concerning the Mediterranean countries. Revealed Comparative Advantage indices of Italian, French, Greek, Portuguese and Spanish, fish products are estimated, in order to gain new insights regarding the position of these products in the market of the European Union, in terms of competitiveness. In addition, this study shed lights on the evolution of the competitiveness over the last decade. The estimated Comparative Advantage indices reveal that there is a wide range of competitiveness among the fish products in Mediterranean countries. In addition, almost all countries alter their competitive rank throughout the study period. Consequently, Mediterranean fisheries and aquaculture constitute a dynamic economic sector that can be easily affected by the marketing environment changes