The Atypical Pragmatic Functions of na

本文首先指出无论是否存在明确的先行词，只要具备设定框架的前提条 件，“那”就可以通过潜在框架与要素之间的关联，来实现“联想照应用法”和“约 束变量照应用法”。对此，近指“这（个）+名词”需要有明确的先行词才能够使 用，并不具备定指形式一般应该具有的联想照应和约束变量照应用法。再有， 框架与默认要素之间的语义性对应关系的强弱，是决定是否选择“那”来修饰光 杆名词的重要因素。与框架之间的语义性对应关系较弱的光杆名词，如果作为 默认要素被使用，那么就需要附加增强两者对应关系的定指标记“那”，来使联 想照应用法成立。另一方面，与框架之间语义性对应关系较强的光杆名词，则 无需任何修饰语，便可以使联想照应用法成立。This study first confirmed that Mandarin Chinese demonstrative na can be used as an associative anaphora and a bound variable anaphora in the frame of discourse (Minsky 1977). Moreover, even if there is no linguistic antecedent in the preceding context, na can still be used if the addressee is considered to be able to identify the frame successfully. Meanwhile, this paper also discussed the differences among na, zhe and bare noun phrases and explained the reason for these differences