The subject of my thesis is characteristic of central banking and monetary policy, conducted by the Czech National Bank in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part is divided into three main chapters. The first of these chapters describes central banking, indicates its basic characteristics and functions. The second chapter is more focused on the monetary policy of the Czech National Bank and its nature. There are also defined the various monetary policy tools and their use. The third chapter contains a description of basic macroeconomic indicators and models. Analytical part is also divided into several chapters that describe several aspects of the development of the Czech economy in recent years. The first one contains the characteristics...