[[alternative]]A Consideration of Regional Economic Development Strategy on the Development of Western Regions in Mainland China--A Political Economy Analysis

[[abstract]]自1978年中共實施改革開放以來，中共的經濟急劇的成長，中共的經改的確獲得相當大的成效。而在區域經濟方面，其改變了從前「輕效益，重平衡」、「輕沿海，重內陸」的區域發展戰略，而開始實行以東部發展為優先，中、西部次之的不平衡發展戰略。 中共這種區域差別待遇的不平衡發展策略，固然使東部經濟發展有所成效，然其發展卻是得力於中央資源偏向的配置。更何況此種梯度發展策略也使得三大地區的經濟發展呈現出明顯的差異，進而衍生出許多問題，如所得分配不均、經濟發展過快所產生的通貨膨脹、區域間不公平的競爭、地方主義的再興起、少數民族分離運動等問題。面對這樣的狀況，中共開始調整其區域發展策略，以避免改革開放的成果，因為區域間的矛盾對立所侵蝕。 由不平衡區域發展戰略所造成的這些問題，在江澤民時期明顯比在鄧小平時期要來的嚴重，並且已經擴大到可能危害中共政權穩定的情況，因此為了解決上述的問題，中共自1996年以來，逐漸將區域經濟發展戰略方向逐漸往協調發展的方向轉移，也就是將區域發展的重心移到西部地區。江澤民於1999年正式提出「西部大開發戰略」，其積極強調發展西部的重要性，並多次的西行，甚至成立了以朱鎔基總理為首，溫家寶為副的國務院西部開發領導小組，研究西部開發戰略具體措施及細節。 然而區域協調發展面臨的不只是公平問題，效益問題也必須同時解決，否則就又會回到以往的只重公平的經濟戰略，造成經濟發展的停滯與落後。公平與效益之間要如何調適，也成為中共開發西部地區時所面臨的難題。在這樣的情況下，中共所提出的西部開發戰略是否能有效解決區域發展失衡等問題，值得進一步的研究。 本論文試圖以中國大陸區域經濟戰略的歷史脈絡為出發點，來觀察及檢證目前中共跨世紀的區域經濟發展戰略「西部大開發」形成的前因後果、西部經濟戰略形成的主客觀因素、其所面臨的國內外環境背景、政治經濟社會等面向的目的以及當地的發展優劣勢等，進而歸納出西部地區的未來發展走向，以求對中共跨世紀的西部大開發戰略做一完整、宏觀的解析。[[abstract]]This Paper examines the economic development of western regions in Mainland China, includes the context, reasons, purposes, and the possible trends of this new development strategy. Imbalance of regional economic development is inevitable in the course of economic development in one country, and since the economic reform by Deng in 1978, he also took an imbalance development strategy. Though such an imbalance development strategy has made a great boost to the macro-economy, it also created a greater economic gap between East and West China and thus produced lots of problems, such as unfair competition between regions, a reviving localism, minorities’ problem…etc. These problems are becoming more critical in the era of Jiang Zemin than the ones in Deng’s era. To solve above problems, the government of Mainland China has to coordinate the regional economy. Thus Jiang Zemin brought up the idea of “Development Strategy of Western Regions” in 1999. He started to emphasis the importance of western development, visited the western regions several times and even formed a special team in charge of western regions development leaded by the Zhu Rongji in 2000. However, the problem in coordinating the regional economy is not only about equity but also efficiency. And how to coordinate “equity” and “efficiency” has always been a tough problem to be solved. Under such a situation, whether the “economic development strategy of western regions” could solve above problems or not, is worth to make a farther study