Dr. Jekyll's reasons to develop another personality in Stevenson's Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde

Nowadays, split personality in which a person has another but differently character is an interesting psychological phenomenon. One of the literary works, which deals with the issue, is Stevenson’s Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. The writer is interested to find out why Dr. Jekyll develops another personality. As it is a literary work, the writer uses two approaches to analyze the work. The first approach is the intrinsic analysis, which uses characters, plot and setting to analyze the novel. The second approach is the extrinsic analysis using Jung’s theory of archetype to analyze the novel. After analyzing the novel by applying those two approaches, the writer finds out that there are internal and external factors, which give the motivation to Dr. Jekyll to develop another personality, Mr. Hyde. The internal factor is Dr. Jekyll’s negative self-image and his hatred against hypocritical practices. Based on Jung’s archetype, Mr. Hyde is considered as Dr. Jekyll’s "shadow". The external factor that motivates him to develop another personality is the condition of his unusual family type. Based on Jung’s family archetype, human being tends to have a family and descendant. Based on Jung’s persona theory, people wear a mask before showing themselves to the outside world. Jung’s archetype theory of anima and animus can also be applied to Dr. Jekyll revealing that he has a problem in showing his emotional side in his hypocritical society. The combination between the internal and external factors is the triggering reason why Dr. Jekyll “creates” Mr. Hyde as his other personality