Study Of 50 Cases With Craniofacial Trauma Who Experienced Head Injuries

Background: It has been shown that cranial injuries associated with facial fractures may cause a great risk of mortality and neurological morbidity, which mainly occurs in young adults. Aims and objectives: Study of the features of facial injuries associated with head injuries, discussing the management options and detecting the outcomes following craniofacial trauma. Methods: This is a retrospective study carried out at Imam reza and Shohada Hospitals. Radiographs and hospital data of 50 patients with craniofacial trauma between January 2013 and December 2014, managed at the Oral and Maxillofacial surgery department were gathered and analyzed. Results: The greatest number of the patients had 20 to 50 years old (68%) and most of them were male. (M/F ratio was 6.09:1). The most prevalent causes of the trauma in this study were the motor vehicle accidents (44%) and falling from height (36%), respectively. The most common bone fracture among the patients was the zygomatic bone fx (38.2%). Among the symptoms which the patients presented, Loss of the consciousness (52%) and headache (43%) showed the highest prevalence. Compound depressed fractures, contusions and intracranial hematoma were the leading causes of the surgical intervention for intracranial lesions. A high number of patients who have died in this study had associated systemic injuries. Displaced facial bone fracture were the indications for operation in facial fractures. Conclusions: The majority of the patients with craniofacial trauma were the adult males and the leading cause of trauma were road traffic accidents. A high number of the patients had mild head injuries and required only a conservational therapy. Keywords: head injury; craniofacial trauma; facial fractur