DIGITAL SYSTEM FOR MORPHOLOGICAL VIDEO IMAGE PROCESSING

V magistrskem delu je predstavljen razvoj digitalnega sistema, ki omogoča obdelavo video slike z morfološkimi operacijami. V začetnem delu je predstavljena zasnova digitalnega sistema v smislu osnovnih funkcij, ki so potrebne za izvedbo. Sledi opis osnov morfoloških operacij. Opisani sta osnovni morfološki operaciji raztega in erozije nad binarno sliko, kakor tudi sestavljene morfološke operacije odpiranja, zapiranja in gradienta s pripadajočimi lastnostmi morfoloških operacij. V nadaljevanju je predstavljena razširitev uporabe morfoloških operacij na sivinskih slikah. V poglavju, ki sledi, je opisan razvoj strojne opreme digitalnega sistema, osnovne funkcije, izbira komponent, načrtovanje tiskanega vezja in spajkanje SMD elementov ter glavni gradniki. Prikazani so deli električnih shem in povezav pomembnejših gradnikov digitalnega sistema na tiskanem vezju. Podrobneje so opisani glavni gradniki digitalnega sistema, in sicer CMOS digitalni slikovni senzor, napajalniki, programirljivo vezje FPGA, zunanji pomnilnik, asinhroni serijski komunikacijski vmesnik, analogno-digitalni pretvornik. Strojnemu načrtovanju sledi opis izvedbe potrebnih gradnikov znotraj programirljivega vezja FPGA. Za nekatere izmed komponent, implementiranih znotraj programirljivega vezja FPGA, je podana tudi izvorna koda, napisana v visokonivojskem strojno opisnem jeziku VHDL, kakor tudi pripadajoči rezultati simulacij.This master thesis describes development of digital system for video image processing using morphological operations. The first part describes initial digital system with respect to main functionality desired. Basic principles of binary morphological operation such as erosion and dilation including some combined operations like opening, closing and gradient together with their main properties are explained. Afterwards extension of morphological operations on grayscale video images is presented as well. In the following chapter development of hardware is described in terms of basic functionalities, printed circuit board design and SMD soldering of main components. Some partial electrical and routing schemes are presented for main components of digital system. Key components of digital system such as CMOS digital image sensor, power supplies, FPGA, external memory, asynchronous serial interface, analog-digital converter are described in more detail. The part following hardware design is software design of components implemented inside FPGA. Along description of main components imeplemented inside FPGA there is also some part of the source code written in VHDL language available together with the simulation results