The empirical study of organization capacity and intellectual capital creation in chain store business -the perspectives of economical and social interaction

[[abstract]]產業競爭激烈，企業在經營其市場與配銷通路時皆希望能以低成本及快速回應來加強本身的競爭能力。由經濟學的理論觀點可知：「資源有限」乃為亙古格言，再者，資源基礎理論與組織能耐觀點的論調中均主張：藉由組織內部資源與能力的累積及培養，可以形成長期且持續性的競爭優勢，並且透過組織資源及能力的重置與不斷的更新，可使得組織得以應時俱進，常保市場競爭優勢，因此建構具備V.R.I.N(Valuable, Rear, Inimitable, Non-replicable )的組織動態能耐已然成為形塑公司長期策略基礎與策略性思考的重點。易言之，企業透過內部擁有之資源及能力的不斷更新與重置，提供了企業符應產業動態環境所需之經營策略的基本方向，也成為組織創造利潤的主要來源。職是之故，建立企業應時置宜的動態能耐以獲取持久性的競爭優勢來源已成為策略管理的主要研究範疇，且由資源基礎理論與組織能耐觀點的論調中可探知一個企業的持久性競爭優勢是建立在其獨特的資源及競爭能力之上。 在知識經濟時代企業面臨資訊充斥的產業環境，擁有大量的市場訊息已為常態，爾者，企業取得生存的關鍵要素已非傳統的土地、資本…等資產，取而代之的是以建立市場導向機制相關的智慧資本，例如:結構資本、關係資本與人力資本。緣此，如何有效管理與運用相關的組織能耐來取得專業知識的更新與重置以塑建出最佳的企業智慧資本方為建構市場競爭優勢的關鍵所在。因此，本文以組織互動的二元觀點(經濟性與社會性互動)出發，來探索連鎖企業應用「組織能耐」(Organizational capability)以形塑符應市場與消費者需求之智慧資本的過程。本文指出連鎖企業在面對環境動態化趨勢及企業任務漸趨複雜的同時，連鎖企業總部必須以明確的組織策略性程序(specific strategic processes)，位置(position) 以及路徑(path) 的統整與更新…等等所建構成的組織能耐(Organization capability)來發展出適合己身連鎖系統的最佳智慧資本。 在實證研究方面，本研究以郵寄問卷方式對於我國各產業之連鎖體系的企業進行調查，以實際驗證本研究觀念性架構的正當性與配適性以及所據以推論而形成之研究架構的合理性。本研究的主要發現如下:首先，組織互動的二元觀點對於組織能耐的更新與重置具正面顯著性的影響;再者，組織能耐在其管理程序、位置與路徑上的更新與重置着實有益於建樹符應市場與消費需求的智慧資本;最後，本研究亦驗證了透過智慧資本的建置使得連鎖企業組織可以建立持久性產業競爭優勢的假設。[[abstract]]Under the circumstance that information congested and rapidly changing, the importance of knowledge management is getting highly attention both in the practical and theoretical fields. Knowledge is the critical asset for an organization to get eternal improvement and sustainable competitive advantage in its industry. More and more theorists indicate that in the economy of knowledge, the dominative produce source is no long the traditional kinds-land, capital or labor, but the knowledge-relevant one such as the intellectual capital. In order to succeed in competing and coping with rivals under intensive competitive and dynamic environment, organization needs to acquire and accumulate its specific knowledge with more efficient way. The more an organization can create and accumulate its intellectual capital, the better it can outperform in the market. Specifically, as long as organization seeks the more efficient measures to create its intellectual capital and can easier to perform well in the industry. Further, evolution of organization structure has shifted from small and single-function form to big and multi-function with detailed specialization form. Such evolution in organization structure is based on the needs to cope with the environmental dynamics and task complexity. The emergence of chain store is a brand-new business form that combines the complement effects from the mechanisms of market and hierarchy. Hence, this research explores the creation of intellectual capital by means of organization capability in chain store business with perspective of economic and social interaction. Through the discussion of such topic, we try to elicit the guidance for further development in chain store business