An Analysis of Core Resources and Competition for the Video Aggregated Webcasters in Taiwan

自從網際網路與影音服務的匯流出現以後，透過寬頻網路來傳輸影音內容的寬頻影音網站也隨之出現，本研究所定義的寬頻影音匯聚網站指的乃是以入口網站形式呈現的影音網站，其功能為收集各個類別的影音內容，並透過收集大量的影音內容，以提供用戶完整且多樣化的影音娛樂服務。 目前包括電信公司、網路公司、掌握娛樂內容的電視台等不同產業領域的業者都紛紛投入寬頻影音市場中，導致寬頻影音產業內的競爭越來越激烈，自2004年開始，台灣寬頻影音市場更發生一系列的併購行為，許多業者也開始提供影音部落格、線上下載電影等多元的加值性服務以尋求競爭上的優勢。由於在數位化匯流的趨勢之下，產業競爭環境的不確定性也隨之增加，就資源基礎理論的角度來看，企業的經營乃是持久而執著的努力，唯有不斷的累積資源，才能形成不敗的競爭優勢，因此，本研究透過資源基礎觀點來檢視企業所擁有的核心資源，瞭解目前寬頻影音匯聚網站所擁有的核心資源為何，這些核心資源給予寬頻影音匯聚網站哪些競爭上的利基，以及寬頻影音匯聚網站應如何在市場之中發展或拓展其核心資源以形成競爭上的優勢。 在上述的問題意識下，本研究運用文獻分析法與深度訪談法探索台灣寬頻影音產業之生態與產業環境，找出目前寬頻影音匯聚網站之核心資源與其資源特性，並配合市場面、通道面、網絡面、鏈局面與消費面這五個市場競爭構面的考量，以瞭解寬頻影音匯聚網站在市場中如何增強或拓展其核心資源以形成或維持其競爭優勢。 在結合文獻分析與寬頻影音業者的訪談結果後，本研究除了針對各研究案例業者給予實務建議外，研究結論認為寬頻影音匯聚網站的核心資源為相互組合的概念，市場領導者的共有特質便是掌握了「頻寬」、「內容」、「技術」、「資金」與「財務管理能力」等重要性資源，各業者在經營上都十分注重於「品牌名聲」、「影音壓縮與串流處理能力」與「團隊與業務運作能力」等資源與能力的培養，未來各業者可再進一步加強「人際網絡的連結與整合能力」與「行銷經驗與能力」這兩方面的資源，以增加自身在市場上的競爭力。Websites used to deliver audio or video services through broadband are getting popular due to the convergence of internet and audio/video services. The definition of video aggregated webcasters in this research is the broadband audio/video streaming website that is presented by portal site. Its function includes collection of all sorts of different audio/video contents and provides their consumers more diversified and completed audio/video services. Recently the webcasting industry has become very competitive since there are more and more investors from all different industries investing in this market, including telecommunication and internet company, and some entertainment leading television stations. Since 2004, a series of merger and amalgamation started to rise in webcasting market in Taiwan. In order to build up more competitive advantages, some operators have also started to introduce video blogs and some other valued-added services such as providing users to download online movies. Because of the digital convergence, the uncertainty of this competitive environment has relatively increased. From the resource-based theory's point of view, making durable and constant effort is the most important principle the enterprise operations follow. The only way to maintain extremely strong competitive advantages is to acquire and accumulate resources continuously. Thus, this research examines enterprises’ core resources according to resource-based theory and identifies what kind of core resources the video aggregated webcasters has so far, what these core resources can offer these webcasters in terms of competitive advantages, and how to further develop the core resources in order to gain more market shares within this industry. In order to discuss above-mentioned concerns, this research applies document analysis and in-depth interview to explore the webcasting industry in Taiwan and discover the core resources and its characteristics for video aggregated webcasters nowadays. In addition, this research discusses how video aggregated webcasters can enhance or further improve its core resources in order to build up it’s competitive advantages in 5 different competition aspects of market structure, route, network, chain and consumption. After combining document analysis and in-depth interview, apart from providing some practical recommendations based on the researched cases, this research demonstrates that combination concept is the core resource of video aggregated webcasters. The common characteristics for the market leaders are highly skilled at some significant resources such as bandwidth, content, technique, capital and financial management capability. Lots of enterprises tend to emphasis on promoting their brands and reputations, audio/video compression and streaming capability and team and business executive capability. In the future, the operators can improve their interpersonal network and marketing experience and competence in order to advance their competitive advantages in the market