La Philosophie de la folie (1791; 2nd ed.: 1804) constitutes an essential precursor of what would later come to be known as moral treatment. Its author, Joseph Daquin, was a physician at the Hospice des Incurables patients in the city of Chambèry (formerly the Duchy of Savoy; Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia) from 1788. The work contains his thoughts on nature and the causes of madness, and is clearly in tune with the philanthropic trends of the end of the Enlightenment. It defends humane treatment of lunatics at all times, revises traditional treatments and introduces new forms of therapy. Daquin emphasizes the Hippocratic (and enlightened) prudence of the vis medicatrix naturae and diet, understood as a regimen for life, as the health of the ...