Response of benthic foraminiferal assemblages to contrasting environments during the Aalenian–Bajocian in the Iberia: a case study from the Talveila section (Iberian Range) and Murtinheira section (Lusitanian Basin)

This paper analyses the composition of the foraminiferal assemblages recorded in two different depositional contexts located in Iberia for the lower Aalenian–lower Bajocian stratigraphical interval: the Talveila section, corresponding to proximal facies within the Iberian Basin (NE Spain), and the Murtinheira section representing distal facies within the Lusitanian Basin (Western Portugal). The obtained specimens (10,736 in total) correspond to 6 suborders, 10 superfamilies, 16 families and 30 genera in Talveila, and 6 suborders, 9 superfamilies, 14 families and 26 genera in Murtinheira. Several biostratigraphic units based on the foraminiferal record and accurately calibrated with the ammonite record were recognized in both sections. Moreover, bioevents based on the first or last appearances of a taxon, significant changes in the abundance of one or several taxa or noticeable changes in diversity of the assemblages were also identified. The palaeoecological analysis shows that the foraminiferal assemblages from both sections were developed in a well-oxygenated and normal salinity shelf environment. The application of diversity indexes indicates that the paleoenvironmental conditions did not remain constant throughout the studied stratigraphic interval; changes recognized in both sections are similar, coeval and correspond to three intervals representing paleoenvironmental conditions more or less favourable for the development of the foraminiferal assemblages. As so, despite the different paleogeographical locations, the development of the assemblages in both sections during the Early Aalenian–Early Bajocian seem to have been conditioned by environmental changes of regional scale, which affected at the same time both the Iberian and the Lusitanian basins