Individual and combined effects of LD and ADHD on computerized neurocognitive concussion test performance: Evidence for separate norms

Decreased neurocognitiveperformance in individualswith self-reported attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and learningdisabil-ity (LD) is well documented in the neuropsychological research literature. Previous studies employing paper-and-pencil neurocognitive assess-ments report lower performance in individuals with ADHD and LD. The purpose of the current study was to examine the influence of a self-reported diagnosis of LD, ADHD, and combined LD/ADHD on baseline computerized neurocognitive testing (CNT) used for the concussion assessment. Results revealed athletes with a self-reported diagnosis of LD, ADHD, and/or combined LD/ADHD demonstrated lower perform-ance on baseline CNT and reported larger numbers of symptoms than did control athletes without these diagnoses. These findings provide evi-dence for the development of separate normative data for athleteswith LD,ADHD, and LD/ADHDdiagnoses on CNT batteries commonly used for concussion management