Incident Hemodialysis Patients Subsequently with Bone Fractures: A Nationwide Case-Matched Cohort

Background Hemodialysis (HD) patients with bone fractures have an increased risk for death. However, the risks for mortality and atherosclerotic complications in incident HD patients subsequent-ly with bone fractures are unknown. Methods Data derived from the Taiwan National Health Institute Research Database between Janu-ary 1997 and December 2008 was analyzed. The enrolled patients included 3,008 incident HD patients subsequently with a single long bone fracture (LB Fx) and 2,070 incident HD patients subsequently with a single non-long bone fracture (NLB Fx). These patients were matched (1:5 ratio) for age, sex, and same duration of HD with incident HD patients who had no fractures and outcomes were measured over a 3-year follow-up. Results After demographic and co-morbidity adjustment, LB Fx increased the risk for overall mortality (HR = 1.59, p< 0.001) and stroke (HR = 1.09, p = 0.028) in incident HD patients. NLB Fx in