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• Conclusion What is VNA calibration? • Calibration (by ISO) is the: – “…set of operations that establish, under specified conditions, the relationship between values of quantities indicated by a measuring instrument or measuring system, or values represented by a material measure or a reference material, and the corresponding values realized by standards. ” [1] • Two meanings of the VNA calibration are typically in use: – Instrument calibration at the manufacturer’s side • once in two years or so – Definition and removing of systematic measurement errors before measurement session • once a day or more ofte