CIRCUMSTANTIAL MODALS IN POLISH AND ST’AT’IMCETS.

The comparison of the bolded phrases in examples (1) and (2) suggests that Polish (Pol) constructions combining a dative subject and a reflexive clitic and St’át’imcets (St’) (Lillooet) constructions with the so-called Out-of-Control morpheme ka-…-a attached to the verb may display similar meanings (all the examples in St ’ are borrowed from Davis, Matthewson & Rullmann (DMR) (2007), who cite their primary sources). (1) Marta chcia"a zje# $ ciastko, a jej si! kichn!"o. M. wanted eat cookie, but she.Dat Refl sneezed.Neu ‘Marta wanted to eat a cookie, but she could not help sneezing.’ Polish Involuntary State Construction (2) Kens-7ílhen ku=t’éc szaq’, t’u7 ka-nsnán7-a. try-eat DET=sweet bread, but CIRC-sneeze-CIRC ‘She wanted to eat a cookie, but she suddenly had to sneeze.’ St’át’imcets Out Of Control Construction Pol patterns of type (1) are known as Involuntary State Constructions (ISCs), and St ’ patterns of type (2) fall under the name Out of Control Constructions (OCCs), two labels we adopt in this paper. The similarity between Pol and St ’ can be further illustrated by recalling the following situation mentioned by DMR (2007) for Out-of-Control in St’: ‘… you draw with a blindfold on and then look and see how your drawing came out. When you take your blindfold off, you discover that you have accidentally written your name. ’ Pol (3) is a felicitous answer under the situation we just quoted, and can thus be compared to St ’ (4), the example reported by DMR to be a suitable answer in the cited context. (3) Napisa"o mi si % w"asne imi%. Pref.wrote.Neu I.Dat Refl own name.Acc ‘I wrote up my own name (by accident).’ (4) Ka- mets-s = kan- á = k’a CIRC- write-CAUS=1SG.SUBJ- CIRC = EPI