Summary

Gluconic acid is a mild organic acid derived from glucose by a simple oxidation reac-tion. The reaction is facilitated by the enzyme glucose oxidase (fungi) and glucose de-hydrogenase (bacteria such as Gluconobacter). Microbial production of gluconic acid is the preferred method and it dates back to several decades. The most studied and widely used fermentation process involves the fungus Aspergillus niger. Gluconic acid and its deriva-tives, the principal being sodium gluconate, have wide applications in food and pharma-ceutical industry. This article gives a review of microbial gluconic acid production, its properties and applications. Key words: gluconic acid, glucose oxidase, microbial production, Aspergillus nige