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Prestressed concrete railroad ties are becoming increasingly popular in the United States, and are an essential component for higher speed railway lines. In order for these prestressed concrete ties to function adequately over their expected service life, the prestressing force must be fully introduced into the railroad tie at a location well before the rail load is applied. The length required to transfer the prestress force into the concrete member is referred to as the “Transfer Length.” Since the prestressed concrete ties are relatively short, and have extremely large impact loads applied near the member ends, most of the prestressed concrete railroad tie producers utilize indented prestressing wires or indented prestressing strands rather than traditional 7-wire smooth prestressing strands. It is generally understood that these indentations serve to improve the bond between the steel and the concrete and therefore reduce the transfer length. However, because the broad application of these indented reinforcing steels has been so limited, current design codes in the United States do not yet address indented prestressing wire or indented strands in terms of recommended design assumptions for transfer and development length. Moreover, there is currently not even a standardized indentation pattern (shape, size, depth of indent, etc.) that is utilized by all wire manufacturers. Thus, the corresponding bond behavior of these different wires when placed i