Effects of phosphorylation on 3D conformation of proteins

Phosphorylation is one of the most ubiquitous posttranslational modification types. Understanding of itsfunction and regulation has significant impact on diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. This thesis presents and summarizes the results of several publications that analyze phosphorylation on large datasets using bioinformatics tools. In this thesis the general principles how the phosphorylation influences physico-chemical properties of proteins are described. In the first and the second chapter the evolution principles, function and regulation of protein kinases and phosphatases are provided. In the third chapter thesis concentrates on the distributions of phosphorylated sites among organisms (plants and animals). In the last chapter current knowledge of orthosteric and allosteric effects of phosphorylation as well as its effects on 2D and 3D structure of phosphorylated proteins is summarized